Thursday, September 20, 2012

Determining the "value" of a human life not always an "easy" call



Here I go again, treading into dangerous waters. I was listening to the BBC World News in the wee hours of the morning on my way to work the other day. On their weekly “health” segment, there was a discussion concerning a high mortality rate of women in childbirth in South Sudan. The rate was one-in-seven, according to the BBC, which seems rather higher than credible; in the past, I’ve pointed out the propensity for women’s advocates to inflate numbers—usually by multiple factors—that do not seem to be justified by the available data. Nevertheless, given the known availability of health services in most of rural sub-Sahara Africa, I will grant that mortality rates are much higher than in developed countries. The BBC report admits that the lack of midwives, the long distances required to travel to medal facilities, and the lack of paved roads contribute to the poor condition pregnant women often find themselves in. Malnutrition, of course, is also a factor in the difficulty in giving birth. 

The problem comes in when the female BBC reporter breathlessly insists that the reason for the lack of infrastructure and health services is—“surprising to those of us who live in Britain” and other Western countries—that women’s lives are not “valued” in Africa. This is the kind of racist shibboleth that advocates in the West have tended to use when describing Third World cultures, in countries where life tends to be harsh no matter who you are unless you are one of the political and economic elites. I supposed what disturbed me most about this report was that the lack of logic and common sense was so blatant; it doesn’t take much thinking see the weakness of the premise. Pregnancy isn’t the only “disease” in South Sudan, or even the most significant—that would likely be lack of food. However, there are other life complications that significantly alter one’s life span, such as heart disease, cancer, various virus and bacteria-born illnesses—and a little thing like bullets, which I will discuss later. Lack of clean water and sewage can’t be ignored as well. These do not discriminate by gender, nor does the lack of health care facilities; everyone suffers regardless of age or gender. Interestingly, another reason why the BBC reporter said women’s lives were not “valued” is because there are so many of them that if one dies, there are plenty more for the suddenly single man to seek out. This assertion imputes an attitude that no one has a right to make or assume, even feminists. Logic is ill-served as well; if so many women are dying, then there should be a shortage, and men should be more concerned about their mortality. But “logic” in these matters seldom holds much weight when politics weighs in.

Of course, if you want to talk about the “value” of life, we could bring up the subject of abortion. It is remarkable to me how so many self-victimized women in the West wish to benefit from this conversation on both ends. The reality is that they are a bit hypocritical. “Concern” for women in Africa does not translate when very well when it comes to “concern” about the position of racial minorities in this country; over there, they are “victims”; over here, they are just the repository for various negative appraisals. There is clearly a question of “value” here, separating people into their “class”  where some people are more “valued” than others. This is not always as simple as proponents in the so-called “meritocracy” claim, of course.  For example where I work, the skill level to perform a job is similar for each company, yet the demographic make-up of each are distinct; those that have a largely white work force tend have more generous compensation than those with largely minority workforces, even though the work they do are similar in quantity and quality. We can also see this in service jobs whose main qualification is presenting a “pleasing” physical front to potential customers, in which white females are usually presumed to be more “valued”; the less desirable jobs, usually out-of-sight of customers, may be the province of less “valued” workers. In other jobs, the “qualification” is who an employer or supervisor feels “comfortable” with, or who they prefer to work with; although gender can be a factor, race is more obvious, particularly in small-to-medium businesses. In this case, “value” has no legitimate meaning.

Returning to argument of “value” in the BBC story, it might make more “sense” if there were in fact fewer females than males.  But this hardly likely the case, because on a continent beset by conflict in many areas, many are killed in the various armed forces—which often involves the recruitment of mere boys. If we really wanted to talk about how lives are “valued,” we might talk about how cheaply the lives of men who have been sacrificed for various “causes” are throughout history. Most of the great military conquerors of history had no more motive than personally glory, with their conquests rarely surviving their deaths. To what purpose, then, were the lives of the men lost in the interim? Does it even matter? The American Civil War was brought on by men who could not see the writing on the wall; like a King Canute, they vainly attempted to stem the tide of history. The cost was enormous; new estimates place the death toll of Union and Confederate soldiers at 750,000. The upward estimate takes into account the appalling failure of armies on both sides to make any effort to insure that every dead soldier was identified, and next of kin notified. The number of dead was usually (inaccurately) ascertained by after action troop strength counts; the reality was that half of all soldiers killed in battle were simply dumped into anonymous graves without any proper accounting. The lives of these men may have had “value” to their families, but in the pursuit of political and military ends, they were merely an abstraction, numbers on a page, to be used and replaced, an instrument of the folly or ambition of others who themselves did not face the bullets.  

The point here is that how a human being is “valued” is not easily pigeonholed by personal politics. Just because a person feels they are less “valued” doesn’t mean that in some respects they are in fact more “valued” than some others in the wider society, often for superficial reasons. And sometimes being more “valued” in the performance of certain occupations—like soldier—doesn’t necessarily mean that there is an actual “value” placed on the life of an individual, only so long that he survives and is useful long enough to be replaced, becoming just another anonymous, nameless number. In the end, what “value” is there in that?  Even “patriotic” Americans who claim to respect soldiers fighting insurgent forces in remote hills and valleys overseas only do so because they are thankful they are not there; they are too busy looking after their own “value.”

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